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med_term

@med_term

Sorting out medical terminologies.

Joined June 2020
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neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn, IgG receptor FcRn large subunit p51, Brambell receptor) An Fc receptor which is similar in structure to the MHC class I molecule and also associates with beta-2-microglobulin. youtu.be/8c0JTrYqIG0
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It is found in the placenta to help facilitate transport of mother's IgG to the growing fetus. The expression is up-regulated by the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, and down-regulated by IFN-γ.
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epitope (antigenic determinant) A part of an antigen to which an antibody attaches at an paratope. youtu.be/ddoLe77oqjs
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paratope (antigen-binding site, antigen-binding site) A part of an antibody which binds to an antigen at an epitope. youtu.be/ATbZydUKYBY
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Cf. idiotope
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complementarity-determining region (CDR, CDR loop) A part of the variable chains in antibodies (generated by B-cells) and T cell receptors (generated by T-cells), where these molecules bind to their specific antigen. youtu.be/iaJENfm1Wc8
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A paratope consists of 3 CDR loops of a light chain and 3 CDR loops of a heavy chain (6 in total at each end of Fab region). They are crucial to the diversity of antigen specificities for the most variable parts of the molecules.
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fragment antigen-binding region (Fab region) A region on an antibody that binds to an antigen. Cf. complementarity-determining region youtu.be/o7SI8ShGuzM
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bone marrow suppression (myelotoxicity, myelosuppression) The decrease in production of blood cells such as leukocytes, erythrocytes, and/or thrombocytes. It is a serious side effect of chemotherapy and certain drugs affecting the immune system.
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(Symptoms) ● Fatigue, dizziness, shortness of breath. ● Paleness of skin, lips and nail beds. ● Increased heart rate.
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Cf. myeloablation
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creatinine A breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle, and is usually produced at a fairly constant rate by the body (depending on muscle mass). The kidneys filter creatinine from the blood into the urine, and reabsorb almost none of it. youtu.be/h5plvEYjNP8
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It is removed from the blood chiefly by the kidneys, primarily by glomerular filtration, but also by proximal tubular secretion. Little or no tubular reabsorption occurs.
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Creatinine clearance (CrCl) is an estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). But CrCl is slightly higher than true GFR because creatinine is secreted by the proximal tubule. Cf. creatine
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phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate, CP, PCr, Pcr) A phosphorylated creatine molecule that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle and the brain to recycle adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell.
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Cf. muscle contraction youtu.be/sHNxlwyFsUM
phosphocreatine (English) - Medical terminology for medical students -

phosphocreatine (English) - Medical terminology for medical students -

(creatine phosphate, CP, PCr, Pcr)A phosphorylated creatine molec...

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creatine An organic compound with the nominal formula (H2N)(HN)CN(CH3)CH2CO2H. This species exists in various modifications (tautomers) in solution. youtu.be/MPfOwgOnJ5Y
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It is found in vertebrates where it facilitates recycling of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), primarily in muscle and brain tissue. Recycling is achieved by converting adenosine diphosphate (ADP) back to ATP via donation of phosphate groups. It also acts as a buffer.
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