
We provide free, open source software to compute the impact of public policy. See our global account @ThePolicyEngine and US account @PolicyEngineUS.
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ALT Chart of income tax against total income in 2027-28, for a pensioner with the standard Personal Allowance and pension income at the 20% basic rate. Without the PTA, income tax starts at £12,570 and rises at 20%. With the PTA, it starts at £13,038 and rises at 53.3% until it meets the line without the PTA at £13,319. Scottish taxpayers face 52.3% from £13,047. We estimate that about 260,000 people over State Pension age face these income tax rates. Claimants of Pension Credit or Housing Benefit can lose more, as those benefits fall too.

ALT Bar chart of the average change in household net income in 2027-28 from the £2 bus fare cap, by income decile across all UK households. Each of the five lowest-income deciles gains more than each of the five highest, and the poorest tenth gains nearly twice as much as the richest tenth, which gains £4. The average across all households is £6. The cap covers single fares on participating services in England outside London, so households elsewhere gain nothing.






