Mark Rubin

ALT This meta-analysis extends earlier analyses of intergroup contact, or face-to-face interactions between members of opposing groups, showing that the quality of contact and opportunities andmotivation to avoid contact matter. It demonstrates that positive contact improves intergroup relations, but negative contact worsens them and is more impactful. Negative contact prevails and is thus riskier in real-world settings, offering opportunity and motivation to avoid contact. This enriched knowledgebase can help maximize the benefits of intergroup contact and minimize its risks through more targeted policy and intervention.