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It is only on the surface that the Cuban movements, of which the ‘barbudos’ have been and remain the iconic figures, are linked to those that have shaken the traditional order in Asia and Africa to its very foundations. The violent struggle against imperialism and the major monopolies is a common feature of both. However, in the case of the Afro-Asian countries, the struggle for national independence, which aims at the establishment of unitary States (and is therefore directed against the colonial powers and the financial yoke of imperialist capitalism) masks a broader, more fundamental aspect of the struggle against traditional, feudal, or para-feudal structures. In Cuba, and in Latin America in general, albeit to varying degrees, capitalism has, for decades now, been imported by the United States and other capitalist countries, and the domestic economy has long featured a fundamentally bourgeois structure and, consequently, a social structure resting on a substantial and overexploited proletariat. The Two Faces of the Cuban Revolution | Programme Communiste n.16, July–September 1961 | Now translated into English: international-communist-part…