May Bulman

THE SILENT COUP by @willydunn AI is a technology we do not control but which plays an increasingly active role at every level of the British power structure. It is part of every conversation, drafting emails between officials, summarising ministers’ briefings and composing speeches delivered in the House of Commons. The Bank of England is using machine learning to inform its decisions on interest rates. The BBC uses AI to redraft articles. Every student at Oxford – where 31 of our previous prime ministers were educated – is now being educated with the help of OpenAI. There is little public understanding of how quickly this technology is moving through the institutions of power, or how enthusiastically it’s being pursued by a government that believes AI software could solve all its problems. In dozens of interviews with current and former government officials and advisers, technologists and MPs – most of whom asked not to be named, in order to speak freely – I have been told about a quiet handing over of control in the frameworks of advice, intelligence and decision-making that underlie every government decision. This is not just a simple software upgrade. This highly persuasive software, built primarily overseas, is being handed an unknown amount of political power. In almost every interview conducted for this piece, I asked whether it was paranoid to suggest that the wholesale adoption of AI by our government, public services and wider economy is handing power to models built in the US and China. Even the most optimistic AI advocates agreed it was a reasonable argument. At a technology conference last year, I spoke to a person who had been involved at the highest level in the government’s use of AI. I asked if it worried them that foundational models could reflect the politics of the people who control them – people who have very different political ideas to our elected leaders. My concerns were not brushed off. This person told me about a power struggle between the engineers building AI models, the plutocrats who own them and the politicians who seek to control them. Far from the noise of the public debate, a battle is being fought that could have lasting implications for our politics. “Make no mistake,” this person told me. “This is a war.” This is not a story about how AI works. It’s not about whether it is going to become sentient, make us rich, or redundant. It is a story about power. It is about how politicians became distracted by a shiny new thing, and failed to understand – or chose not to ask – what it might cost. It is not about whether AI will help itself to your job. It is about whether the people who make AI are helping themselves to your country. This is a matter of sovereignty. Illustration by Brian Stauffer